The
idea, though relatively new in the area, was quite simple; farmers
were identified from the poorest regions in the two districts
and organised into formal groups. The groups then elected representatives
who were taken through a series of intensive training seminars
on goat house construction, goat husbandry, group dynamics, breed
improvement, basic animal health care and fodder management to
prepare them for the task ahead.
Once all the farmers were brought to a similar
level of knowledge, the groups were given Toggenburg goats imported
from the UK to start breed improvement. The process involved taking
the local goat breeds with an average production level of between
200-300ml of milk a day and successively crossing them with the
pedigree Toggenburgs to create a new breed with a 75% Toggenburg
and 25% local bloodline.
The idea was to harness the high productive qualities of the Toggenburg
while at the same time ensuring the resultant breed would be able
to withstand the harshness of the tropical climate. A strict breeding
programme was maintained to avoid in-breeding and the results
were amazing.
Within a period of 5 years milk yields had increased from less
than one litre a day to 3 litres with some farmers reporting close
to 5 litres. Household nutritional levels greatly improved now
that there was an injection of vital proteins into the diet. Incomes
from goat and goat milk sales shot up by nearly 50%. Farmers who
previously had no source of income apart from odd casual labouring
jobs were now fetching a steady KES 20 per litre of goat milk
in their locality.
With the arrival of the milk plant at Nkubu, farmers
had easy access to the plant and could now supply their milk directly
without using middlemen. The effect of this direct marketing meant
that they could reap the full benefits of the value of their milk.
At a guaranteed price from the plant of KES 25 per litre of milk,
farmers are assured of a steady income throughout the year and
since payment is made at the end of every month, the consolidated
income allows them to be more organised in their financial planning.
Since the plant opened its doors to the farmers,
two months have passed and total turnover from the sale of finished
valued-added products has increased by 24%. The plant is run by
a small team of professionals employed by the breeders association.
Technical backstopping is provided by FARM-Africa on a declining
basis while increasingly building the capacity of the association
to assume greater responsibility in the future once support comes
to an end.